ABSTRACT
Poor saddle-fitting is one of the main causes of back pain in horses. Mangalarga Marchador is a popular breed in Brazil, being used mainly for pleasure riding and sports. This study aimed to thermographically assess saddles used in horses of this breed. Thermographic images were obtained from 18 saddles of animals from different categories during a Mangalarga Marchador National Exposition. The evaluation was based on three parameters: contact area symmetry, dorsal midline interaction and total skin contact area (25%, 50%, 75% or 100%). Contact area asymmetry was observed in 83.3% of saddles. Dorsal midline interaction was observed with the same frequency. Only 22.2% of saddles assessed in the present study had panels with contact areas greater than 50%. Based on the results of this essay it can be concluded that thermography is a useful tool for the evaluation of saddle contact area with the back of horses and that there is a high frequency of fitting unconformities in saddles used in Mangalarga Marchador horses.(AU)
O ajuste inadequado da sela é um dos principais causadores de lombalgias em equinos. A raça Mangalarga Marchador está entre as mais populares do Brasil, sendo muito utilizada para cavalgadas e prática de esportes. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar termograficamente as selas utilizadas em cavalos dessa raça. Para tal, foram realizadas imagens termográficas de 18 selas de animais de diversas categorias durante uma Exposição Nacional do Cavalo Mangalarga Marchador. A avaliação foi realizada baseando-se em três parâmetros: simetria da área de contato, interação com a linha média dorsal e área total de contato com a pele (25%, 50%, 75% ou 100%). Em 83,3% das selas avaliadas foi observada assimetria da área de contato. A interação com a linha média dorsal foi observada com a mesma frequência. Apenas 22,2% das selas avaliadas no presente estudo tinham suadouros com área de contato maior que 50%. Com base nos resultados obtidos neste trabalho, conclui-se que a termografia é uma ferramenta útil na avaliação do contato das selas com o dorso dos cavalos e que existe alta frequência de inconformidades no ajuste de selas utilizadas na raça Mangalarga Marchador.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Thermography/veterinary , Low Back Pain/veterinary , Horses , Equipment and Supplies/veterinary , GaitABSTRACT
1. Daily fecal loss and daily clearance of alpha-1-antitrypsin were determined in 30 infants without intestinal disorders and in 21 with persistent diarrhea. 2. Stools were collected during a 48-h period and a randomly obtained single sample was also collected. Blood samples were also collected from the infants, and alpha-1-antitrypsin was measured by radial immunodiffusion in both stool and serum. 3. No difference in daily fecal loss (mg/d) of alpha-1-antitrypsin was detected between the control group and the group with persistent diarrhea (11 +/- 9.3 vs 18.5 +/- 20 mg/d). No difference in daily alpha-1-antitrypsin clearance (ml/d) was detected between the control group and the group with persistent diarrhea (4.3 +/- 3.6 vs 5.2 +/- 4.8 ml/d). 4. There was a strong correlation between daily fecal loss and daily clearance of alpha-1-antitrypsin (N = 50). There was a weak correlation between the concentrations of alpha-1-antitrypsin in randomly obtained single samples and daily fecal loss of the antiprotease (N = 25; r = -0.183; P < 0.01). 5. We conclude that: a) there is no increased fecal loss of alpha-1-antitrypsin persistent in diarrhea; b) fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin clearance is not necessary to estimate the enteric loss of the antiprotease; c) the determination of alpha-1-antitrypsin in random samples of feces is not a reliable method.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , alpha 1-Antitrypsin , Diarrhea, Infantile , Feces , Diarrhea, Infantile , Protein-Losing Enteropathies/metabolism , Immunodiffusion , Time FactorsABSTRACT
1. Zinc concentration was measured in hair samples from 57 infants (27 boys and 30 girls) aged 7 to 24 months. Tyenty-eight infants were considered eutrophic and 29 chronic and severe malnutrition. 2. Hair segments less than 3-cm long were close scalp in the occipital area and washed in deionized water and acetone. Zinc levels were measured by neutron-activation. 3. Hair zinc concentration decreased with age in both eutrophic and malnourished infants from 160 microng/g at 7 months to 90 microng/g at 24 months. 4. No statistically significant difference in hair zinc concentration was detected between eutrophic an malnourished infants (148 ñ 60 vs 128 ñ 57 vs microng/g hair, mean ñ SD) or between sexes
Subject(s)
Infant , Humans , Male , Female , Hair/analysis , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/metabolism , Zinc/analysis , Age Factors , Nutritional Status , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
1. Study of six patients with chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) occurring over a 10 year period, representing an incidence rate of approximately 1:1,000 of the impatients in the children's ward of a general hospital in central Brazil, is reported. 2. Major clinical manifestations as well as therapeutic management are described. 3. The possible relationship between CCP and primary protein-calorie malnutrition is discussed and the importance of a CCP diagnosis when dealing malnourished children who do not respond satisfactorily to common therapy is emphasized
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Calcinosis/etiology , Pancreatitis/etiology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Chronic Disease , Nutritional StatusABSTRACT
Neste trabalho sao feitas consideracoes sobre a doenca celiaca. Uma casuistica e apresentada, e a necessidade de se estabelecer criterios bem definidos da doenca e discutida. Enfatiza-se o risco de complicacoes que correm os celiacos em uso de gluten. Manifestacoes clinicas pouco comuns e outras menos evidentes sao abordadas no trabalho o efeito protetor do leite humano e enfatizado
Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Celiac DiseaseABSTRACT
Os autores relatam cinco casos de interposicao do colo entre o figado e o diafragma (Sindrome de Chilaidite) em criancas. A distensao das alcas do colo por gas, devido a aerofagia e diarreia, foi um achado comum. O estudo radiologico do abdome em posicao vertical foi sempre necessario para o diagnostico definitivo. O diagnostico diferencial foi feito com pneumotorax, pneumoperitonio e abscesso subfrenico principalmente. O tratamento foi expectante em quatro pacientes e cirurgico em um
Subject(s)
Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Colon , Diaphragm , Liver , Aerophagy , Congenital Abnormalities , DiarrheaABSTRACT
Os autores descrevem os resultados obtidos no desenvolvimento de um metodo de analise por ligacao proteica competitiva para a medida de AMP ciclico total urinario. A proteina ligadora (proteino quinase) foi obtida de musculo bovino por precipitacao seletiva com sulfato de amonio, AMP ciclico tritiado foi utilizado como marcador e o metodo de separacao empregado foi o carvao-dextran. O metodo e simples, sensivel e rapido, podendo ser completado em apenas 4 horas. Os resultados obtidos em 22 individuos adultos normais foram de 2,67+/-0,87 (X+/-dp) nmol/dl de filtrado glomerular (F.G.) com intervalo de variacao de 1,2 a 4,5 nmol/dl de F.G., dados estes concordes com os da literatura para metodos equivalentes
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Cyclic AMP , Protein Kinases , Radioligand AssayABSTRACT
Os autores apresentam a sua experiencia com o uso de carne de peito de frango como fonte proteica no tratamento dietetico da diarreia protraida do lactente. Os bons resultados obtidos sao motivo de sugestao para o uso desta formula